Exploring the Types of Cultural Capital: Examples From Around the World
Cultural capital refers to the social assets that an individual possesses, including their habits, tastes, and cultural knowledge. It’s a concept that has been studied by sociologists for decades, and it helps to explain how cultural advantages and disadvantages are transmitted across generations.
In this article, we’ll explore the different types of cultural capital, including their examples from around the world. By the end of this article, you’ll understand the various types of cultural capital, how they influence our social status, and their impact on our lives.
Social and Institutional Cultural Capital
Social and institutional cultural capital are the first two types of cultural capital we’ll explore. Social cultural capital refers to the social connections, networks, and friendships that an individual has. Institutional cultural capital refers to the knowledge and experiences that an individual has gained through schooling, training, and education.
Germany is an excellent example of a country where institutional cultural capital is highly valued. The education system in Germany places significant emphasis on teaching children how to be self-reliant, disciplined, and independent. Thus, when individuals from Germany enter the workforce, they are equipped with the skills necessary to succeed.
On the other hand, France is an excellent example of a country where social cultural capital is highly valued. French culture places significant emphasis on social connections, such as memberships in exclusive clubs and organizations. Networking and building relationships are essential to succeed in French society.
Embodied and Objectified Cultural Capital
The next types of cultural capital are embodied and objectified cultural capital. Embodied cultural capital refers to an individual’s physical characteristics, such as their accent, posture, and appearance. Objectified cultural capital refers to an individual’s possessions, such as their art, books, and artifacts.
In South Korea, embodied cultural capital is essential to success. South Korean society places significant emphasis on appearance, and individuals are expected to maintain a certain physical appearance, including makeup and clothing choices. Therefore, individuals who possess the ‘perfect’ look are more likely to succeed.
In contrast, Japan is an example of a country where objectified cultural capital is highly valued. Japanese culture places significant emphasis on the possession of rare and expensive objects, such as art and antiques. Therefore, individuals who possess these items are more likely to succeed.
Cultural Capital and Social Mobility
Cultural capital has a significant impact on social mobility. Individuals who possess cultural capital are more likely to succeed in society, regardless of their economic or social background.
However, the transmission of cultural capital from one generation to the next perpetuates social inequality. Families who possess cultural capital transmit it to their children, who, in turn, use it to succeed in society. This perpetuates social inequality and makes it difficult for individuals from disadvantaged backgrounds to succeed.
Conclusion
In conclusion, exploring the different types of cultural capital from around the world is essential to understanding how social advantages and disadvantages are transmitted across generations. Social and institutional cultural capital, embodied and objectified cultural capital, and their impact on social mobility are critical factors to consider. By understanding these factors, we can work towards reducing social inequality and promoting social mobility for all individuals.
