Understanding the 5 Stages of Kidney Disease: A Guide for Patients
Kidney disease is a prevalent health issue that affects millions of people worldwide. The kidneys play a vital role in our body as they filter about 120 to 150 quarts of blood daily, removing waste products and excess water from our body. However, when these organs don’t function correctly, it can lead to kidney disease, which can lead to severe health complications.
This article aims to provide patients with an in-depth understanding of the five stages of kidney disease and how to manage them effectively.
Stage 1: Kidney function is normal
During this stage, the kidneys are functioning correctly, with no visible signs of damage. However, patients that fall under this stage are at risk of developing kidney disease, and they’re advised to exercise caution to prevent further damage to their kidneys. Risk factors include diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and family history of kidney disease.
Stage 2: Kidney damage is mild
At this stage, patients have a mild decrease in kidney function, but it’s still not noticeable. Your doctor may detect this stage through blood and urine tests and manage it by addressing underlying health conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes.
Stage 3: Kidney damage is moderate
At stage 3, patients have displayed a moderate decrease in kidney function, with a glomerular filtration rate (GFR) between 30-59 ml/min. Patients at this stage start showing physical symptoms such as fatigue, swelling in the feet and ankles, and increased urination. Patients at this stage should adjust their diets and medication management, depending on their underlying health conditions.
Stage 4: Kidney damage is severe
Stage 4 is a severe decline in kidney function, with a GFR between 15-29 ml/min. Patients at this stage require medical attention as they may experience severe symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, and extreme fatigue. At this stage, patients may need to consider a kidney transplant or dialysis to manage their condition successfully.
Stage 5: Kidney failure
Stage 5 or kidney failure is the most severe stage of kidney disease, with a GFR rate of less than 15 ml/min. At this stage, the kidneys have failed, and patients will require immediate medical attention. Patients have options such as dialysis, kidney transplant or hospice care.
Conclusion
In conclusion, understanding the five stages of kidney disease helps patients to manage their condition effectively by getting early diagnosis and treatment. By working with their doctor, patients can slow down the progression of the disease and maintain good kidney health. Remember to exercise caution by maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet, regular exercise, and managing any underlying health conditions.
