The Benefits of Mastery Learning: Why It Beats Spiral Learning Every Time
Mastery learning and spiral learning are two common teaching methods that educators use to impart knowledge to students. While their approaches vary, the goal of both methods is to enable students to learn and succeed. However, evidence shows that mastery learning is more effective than spiral learning.
What is Mastery Learning?
Mastery learning is an approach that emphasizes learning for mastery of a subject. In this approach, students are given adequate time to fully understand a subject before moving on to another topic. The emphasis is on ensuring that students have a deep understanding of a concept or skill before proceeding to the next topic. Teachers using mastery learning give students the opportunity to learn at their own pace and provide feedback to help them identify areas where they need improvement.
What is Spiral Learning?
On the other hand, spiral learning is an approach that introduces students to different topics in a cyclical manner. It emphasizes the big picture and enables students to understand how different concepts relate to each other. In spiral learning, students learn a little bit about a concept or skill in one lesson, then learn a bit more the next time the topic is taught. This approach assumes that students will pick up missing pieces of information as they progress through the curriculum.
Why Mastery Learning Beats Spiral Learning Every Time
Mastery learning has several advantages over spiral learning. Firstly, it is more effective in addressing gaps in knowledge. Students who struggle to understand a concept or skill in spiral learning may not have the opportunity to truly master it before being introduced to new topics. In contrast, mastery learning ensures that every student has a solid foundation before moving on.
Secondly, mastery learning improves student retention of knowledge. When students master a skill or concept, they are more likely to remember and apply it later. In contrast, spiral learning can result in students forgetting what they learned earlier in the curriculum.
Thirdly, mastery learning is more effective in addressing individual differences in learning. Students have different learning styles and progress at different rates. Mastery learning allows students to learn at their own pace, ensuring that each student has the opportunity to master a concept or skill before moving on.
Lastly, mastery learning provides students with a sense of accomplishment when they master a skill or concept. This positive reinforcement motivates them to continue learning and pursuing mastery of a subject.
Examples of Mastery Learning in Practice
Mastery learning is used in different educational settings. One example is in language learning through the use of the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR). The CEFR offers six language proficiency levels (A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, and C2). Instead of following a spiral learning approach, learners are assessed and placed at the appropriate level. They then work towards mastering the skills required for each level before moving on to the next.
Another example is Khan Academy, a popular online learning platform that uses mastery learning. Students work through interactive exercises and receive feedback as they progress. Mastery is achieved when all skills in a topic have been mastered.
Conclusion
While both mastery learning and spiral learning have their merits, evidence shows that mastery learning is more effective in teaching students. Its emphasis on learning for mastery, individualized learning, and celebrating success improves student achievement. As educators continue to explore new ways of imparting knowledge to students, it’s important to consider the benefits of mastery learning over spiral learning.
