Introduction
Nigeria’s education system has undergone significant changes over the years, with the most notable being the 6-3-3-4 system, which was introduced in 1982 and implemented in 1989. This system replaced the 6-5-4 system and aimed to address several issues in Nigeria’s education sector. But has the 6-3-3-4 system been successful? In this article, we’ll discuss the pros and cons of the 6-3-3-4 education system in Nigeria.
The Pros of the 6-3-3-4 System of Education in Nigeria
1. Enhanced Skill Development
One of the most significant advantages of the 6-3-3-4 system of education in Nigeria is the emphasis on skill development. In the earlier 6-5-4 system, there was a focus on teaching theoretical knowledge over practical skills, resulting in a workforce that was often under-skilled and unprepared for the workforce. The 6-3-3-4 system integrates practical skills into the curriculum, offering students the opportunity to develop skills that are necessary for employment.
2. Clearer Learning Pathway
The 6-3-3-4 system offers a clearer learning path for students. In the earlier system, students had to pick a path between arts and science at a young age, which often led to an imbalance of skills. The 6-3-3-4 system allows students to choose between core and elective subjects in their junior secondary school years, aiding them in selecting the right path for their career.
3. Improved Qualifications
Under the new education system, primary school is now six years, junior secondary school is three years, senior secondary school is three years, and tertiary education is four years. This structure has enhanced the qualifications earned by students, making them more competitive in the workforce.
4. Increased Enrolment Rate
The new education system has made education more accessible to children in Nigeria. With the 6-3-3-4 system, children are required to attend primary school for six years, which has led to an increase in the enrolment rate.
The Cons of the 6-3-3-4 System of Education in Nigeria
1. Resource Constraints
The 6-3-3-4 system has proven to be a challenge for Nigeria’s education sector due to resource constraints. The introduction of practical skills subjects has led to the need for more resources, including teachers, laboratories, and equipment. Nigeria’s education sector has struggled with a lack of funding and poor infrastructure, making it challenging to provide these resources.
2. Curriculum Overload
The 6-3-3-4 system has been criticized for offering an overloaded curriculum that is difficult for students to manage. The inclusion of so many subjects puts the pressure on students and could limit their success.
3. Teacher Shortage
The introduction of practical skills subjects has also led to the need for more skilled teachers, which Nigeria’s education sector lacks. As a result, the shortage of trained teachers has been a significant challenge in implementing the 6-3-3-4 system.
4. Cost
The 6-3-3-4 system, designed to enhance education, has come at a cost for parents. The need for more resources and teachers has led to an increase in school fees and other associated costs, making it more challenging for low-income families to provide education to their children.
Conclusion
The 6-3-3-4 education system in Nigeria has both pros and cons. The system’s aim to enhance practical skills development, offer a clearer learning pathway, and improve qualifications has been beneficial. However, resource constraints, curriculum overload, teacher shortages, and increased costs are still major challenges associated with the 6-3-3-4 education system. It is necessary to address these challenges and work towards a better, more effective education system in Nigeria.
